9136: Cargo

内存限制:256 MB 时间限制:18 S 标准输入输出
题目类型:传统 评测方式:文本比较 上传者:
提交:2 通过:2

题目描述

    There're n stores selling m kinds of items. Each store only sells one kind of item, the i-th store sells the ai-th kind of item.
    You're going to buy some items. You do the following operation k times: choose a store at random,and buy one item from that store.
    Let there are ci stores selling item i. After all the operations, you will get unsatisfied, if and only if the following condition is satisfied:
    • There exists an item i, where you hold exact ci of them, and they are all from different stores.
    For example, if store 1 and 3 are selling item 1, and after operations, you hold exactly two items 1, and one of them is from store 1, where the other one is from store 3, you will get unsatisfied.
    You want to know the possibility of not getting unsatisfied after k operations. Output it modulo 998244353.

输入格式

    The first line contains the number of test cases T(1 ≤ T ≤ 100).
    For each test case:
    The first line contains three integers: n, m, k(1 ≤ m ≤ n ≤ 2 × 105,1 ≤ k < 998244353).
    The following line contains n integers a1, a2 . . . an(1 ≤ ai ≤ m). It is guaranteed that each of the m kinds of items will appear at least once.
    There will be no more than 10 test cases where n ≥ 104.

输出格式

    One single integer, represents the answer.

输入样例 复制

4
3 2 3
1 1 2
1 1 1
1
6 3 4
1 1 1 2 3 3
8 4 19908
1 1 2 2 3 3 3 4

输出样例 复制

221832079
0
465231165
665765722

分类标签